What to Buy Skincare Products The 14 Best Zinc Oxide Sunscreens for Your Face, According to Dermatologists These picks will help keep your skin safe and avoid the ghostly white cast. By April Benshosan April Benshosan April Benshosan is a writer, editor, and content strategist covering health, fitness, beauty, and wellness. She graduated with a Master's in Publishing, and her dedication to responsible health journalism has led her to spearhead the nutrition vertical at a major publication before taking on freelancing full-time. health's editorial guidelines Updated on June 27, 2023 Medically reviewed by Leah Ansell, MD Medically reviewed by Leah Ansell, MD Leah Ansell, MD, is a board-certified dermatologist and assistant professor of dermatology at Columbia University.  learn more Fact checked by Richard Scherr Fact checked by Richard Scherr Rich Scherr is an updates strategist and fact checker for Dotdash Meredith brands, including Health and Verywell. He is a seasoned financial and technology journalist who served as editor-in-chief of the Potomac Tech Wire for nearly two decades, and is a regular contributor to the sports pages of The Baltimore Sun. He has also been a news editor for America Online and has contributed to the Associated Press and The Washington Post. health's fact checking process In This Article Expand Jump to a Section Our top picks Reviews How We Selected What to Know About Zinc Oxide Sunscreens for Your Face Your Questions, Answered Who We Are We independently evaluate all recommended products and services. If you click on links we provide, we may receive compensation. Learn more. Health / Kevin Liang Dermatologists never leave the house without slathering on sunscreen, and they hope you’ll follow suit. Applying sunscreen is the easiest thing you can do to prevent sunburn, skin cancer, and premature aging (think: wrinkles and sagging skin). Zinc-based sunscreens offer broad-spectrum protection against UVB and UVA rays but without the addition of potentially harmful ingredients. Zinc oxide sunscreens are mineral based, which means they form a skin barrier that reflects UV rays. Zinc sunscreens are less likely to cause skin irritation or allergic reactions, making them a better option if you have sensitive skin, says Aanand Geria, MD, a board-certified dermatologist in New Jersey. Additionally, some sun-blocking ingredients in chemical sunscreens are being investigated as potentially harmful because they can be absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream. In 2019, the FDA proposed that mineral sunscreens are safer than chemical sunscreens. For this reason, many beachgoers tend to skip chemical products due to safety concerns. To help you find the best mineral sunscreens, we spoke to dermatologists and asked for their top picks. We also researched the most effective face zinc oxide sunscreens on the market to compile our final list. Our Top Picks Best Overall: EltaMD SPF 41 at Amazon Jump to Review Best Drugstore: Banana Boat Mineral SPF 50+ at Amazon Jump to Review Best Tinted: Jan Marini Physical Protectant Tinted SPF 45 at Amazon Jump to Review Best Spray: Supergoop Play 100% Mineral Body Mist SPF 30 with Marigold Extract at Amazon Jump to Review Best for Melasma: EltaMD UV Elements Tinted Broad-Spectrum SPF 44 at Amazon Jump to Review Best for Sensitive Skin: Neutrogena Sheer Zinc Face Dry-Touch Sunscreen at Amazon Jump to Review Best for Oily Skin: Supergoop! Mineral Setting Powder at Amazon Jump to Review Best for Dry Skin: CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen SPF 50 at Amazon Jump to Review Best for Dark Skin: Unsun Cosmetics Mineral Tinted Face Sunscreen Lotion SPF 30 at Amazon Jump to Review Best Fragrance-Free: Native Unscented Zinc Face Sunscreen SPF 30 at Target Jump to Review Best Overall EltaMD UV Physical Broad-Spectrum SPF 41 Dermstore View On Amazon View On Target View On Dermstore Why We Like It It boasts high broad-spectrum protection, water resistance, and a light tint that won't leave a ghostly white cast. It's Worth Noting The tint might not be right for every skin tone. EltaMD comes recommended by many of the dermatologists we spoke to because it checks all of the boxes. It's over the recommended SPF 30, has broad-spectrum protection, and is water-resistant for up to 40 minutes. Plus, it's recommended by the Skin Cancer Foundation for daily use. Major bonus: This formula is lightly tinted, so it won't leave your skin looking like you slathered it with white paint. It's also formulated with three types of antioxidants (linoleic acid, quercetin, and thioctic acid), which all help prevent visible signs of aging. And it's free of parabens, oils, and fragrances so it's gentle on those with sensitive skin. We also love that EltaMD's UV Physical Broad-Spectrum sunscreen works well on its own and under makeup, deeming it ideal for everyday use.  Price at time of publication: $39 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 41Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide 7%, Zinc oxide 9%Size: 3 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 40 minutes Best Drugstore Banana Boat Mineral SPF 50+ Amazon View On Amazon View On CVS View On Walgreens Why We Like It It bears the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance and is widely available in many drugstores at an affordable price point. It's Worth Noting Its thick formula might make it difficult to apply. Banana Boat is a classic drugstore sunscreen brand, and we especially love the Sensitive Mineral line because it's free of oils and fragrances. Plus, it boasts the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance, which means it's suitable for sensitive skin and people with eczema. It's worth noting that even though it's water-resistant for up to 80 minutes, you'll still want to reapply every two hours when you're outdoors for optimal protection, as recommended by the American Academy of Dermatology. You can likely find this broad-spectrum sunscreen at your local Walgreens or CVS, which makes it super easy to pick up on your way to the beach (so you've got no excuse to not wear it). This line also comes in Baby, Kids, and Sport varieties, which are all 100% mineral-based. Price at time of publication: $11 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 50Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide 4.5%, zinc oxide 6.5%Size: 3 fluid ounces; 6 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best Tinted Jan Marini Physical Protectant Tinted SPF 45 Amazon View On Amazon View On Janmarini.com Why We Like It Its universal tint prevents a white cast, and the formula is suitable for sensitive skin. It's Worth Noting It might be a bit greasy for oily skin types. Jan Marini's tinted sunscreen comes recommended by Dr. Geria because it has high broad-spectrum protection and is water-resistant for up to 80 minutes. Plus, we love that it's tinted. The universal tint blends seamlessly into many skin tones, and prevents that harsh white cast that's often associated with mineral sunscreens. Jan Marini's tinted SPF pulls double-duty as somewhat of a light BB cream. The cream is formulated with anti-inflammatory green tea extract and CoQ10, an antioxidant linked to protecting the skin from UV damage, per a study in BioFactors. It helps control oil and dries with a sheer, matte finish. Price at time of publication: $54 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 45Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide 6%, zinc oxide 8%Size: 2 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best Spray Supergoop Play 100% Mineral Body Mist SPF 30 with Marigold Extract Sephora View On Amazon View On Sephora View On Nordstrom Why We Like It It's easy to apply and doesn't leave a chalky residue. It's Worth Noting Spray sunscreens leave more room for error in application when compared to creams and lotions. This UV ray-blocking zinc oxide mist from Supergoop comes recommended by Joshua Zeichner, MD, director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. Spray sunscreens like this one can easily be applied to large surface areas like your arms, legs, and back. And this one from Supergoop sprays on white, but dries quickly into a sheer, dry-to-the-touch finish so you can use it on your face without worrying about it leaving a white cast. Spray sunscreens are attractive because they can be applied in one fell swoop and don't leave your hands sticky. But it's worth noting that they don't provide the best protection when compared to creams and lotions. Up to 79% of spray sunscreen can be lost under light wind, and that number climbs up to 93% in stronger wind conditions, according to a 2021 report. Price at time of publication: $34 Product Details: Type: SpraySPF: 30Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 12%Size: 6 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best for Melasma EltaMD UV Elements Tinted Broad-Spectrum SPF 44 Amazon View On Amazon View On Dermstore View On Beautifiedyou.com Why We Like It It's tinted and covers hyperpigmentation while offering high broad-spectrum protection. It's Worth Noting Some people might find it greasy. EltaMD's UV Elements Tinted SPF is an oil-free, chemical-free formula that won't clog pores and is excellent for sensitive skin. It's a favorite of board-certified dermatologist Alicia Zalka, MD. She recommends it for those living with melasma—a condition characterized by brown spots and hyperpigmentation from increased sun exposure and/or changes in hormones (like during pregnancy). This product is tinted, which helps mask melasma pigmentation while protecting skin from damage, Dr. Zalka says, noting that it also helps shield the skin from the high-energy visible light that can worsen the condition. If you're looking for a tinted zinc sunscreen that offers a little bit more coverage and doesn't leave a white cast on darker skin tones, this one's a great option. Plus, it boasts hydrating hyaluronic acid to plump skin and prevent it from drying out under the sun. Price at time of publication: $40 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 44Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 10%, titanium dioxide 5.5%Size: 2 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 40 minutes Best for Sensitive Skin Neutrogena Sheer Zinc Face Dry-Touch Sunscreen Amazon View On Amazon View On Target View On Walmart Why We Like It It's hypoallergenic, fragrance-free, and boasts the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance. It's Worth Noting It can leave a white cast on dry skin. Neutrogena's Sheer Zinc face sunscreen is free of fragrances, parabens, phthalates, and dyes. It was awarded the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance so you know it's great for even the most sensitive skin. The broad-spectrum protection shields your skin from harmful UVA and UVB rays, and the lightweight formula won't sting your eyes.This pick is widely available at many drugstores, which makes it easier to incorporate into your daily routine, whether you're playing outdoor sports or working from home by a window. If you find that it leaves a white cast on your skin, try applying your go-to moisturizer first and then layering on this sunscreen. Make sure to rub it in evenly across your face. Price at time of publication: $13 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 50Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 21.6%Size: 2 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best for Oily Skin Supergoop! (Re)setting 100% Mineral Powder Sunscreen SPF 35 PA+++ 4.3 Amazon View On Amazon View On Sephora View On Nordstrom Why We Like It It works as a setting powder for extra-oily areas and offers broad-spectrum protection. It's Worth Noting It's not water-resistant, and you might go through it quickly. If your skin is prone to getting greasy, especially during summer months, you'll love Supergoop's Resetting Mineral Powder Sunscreen. It doubles as a sunscreen and setting powder, and it's made with zinc oxide for broad-spectrum protection and coated silica to help blur pores. While you can use it to help set your makeup, it's also great on its own. Just swoosh it over your face to stay protected from the sun and mattify shine. But make sure to cover your entire face or use it over your favorite cream or liquid sunscreen to ensure optimal sun protection. Supergoop's Resetting Mineral Powder Sunscreen comes in four shades, including translucent, and doesn't produce a white cast like other zinc sunscreens. Stash it in your bag to reapply and mattify your face throughout the day. Price at time of publication: $35 Product Details: Type: PowderSPF: 35Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 24.7%Size: 0.15 ouncesWater resistance: None Best for Dry Skin CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen SPF 50 Face Lotion Ulta View On Amazon View On Target View On Ulta Why We Like It It has earned multiple awards and offers skin-nourishing ingredients that moisturize and hydrate. It's Worth Noting It may leave a white cast and it's not water-resistant. We love Cerave's Hydrating Face Mineral Sunscreen because it offers broad-spectrum SPF 50 protection plus skin-hydrating ingredients. This formula includes ceramides and niacinamide (a B vitamin) that help add moisture to the skin and maintain the skin barrier. A mixture of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide shields your skin from the sun's rays without irritating it. This pick bears both the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance and the Skin Cancer Foundation Daily Use Seal of Approval. While it does leave a white cast, as most mineral sunscreens do, the lightweight, non-greasy formula also works well under makeup. So feel free to slather it on before applying your favorite foundation. Plus, this pick is affordable and widely available in many drugstores and online. Price at time of publication: $15 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 50Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide 9%, zinc oxide 7%Size: 2.5 fluid ouncesWater resistance: None Best for Dark Skin Unsun Cosmetics Mineral Tinted Face Sunscreen Lotion SPF 30 Amazon View On Amazon View On Nordstrom View On Dermstore Why We Like It It doesn't leave a white cast and its formula includes iron oxides, which can help with hyperpigmentation. It's Worth Noting It leaves a dewy finish, so it might not be ideal for those with oily skin. Founded by a woman of color for people of color, Unsun is wonderful for those with darker skin tones because it's tinted and doesn't leave a ghostly white cast. Wearers love that it blends seamlessly into the skin and provides ample hydration. Unsun is formulated with shea butter and aloe to help moisturize the skin, and this pick works great under makeup as a primer or on its own. It leaves a dewy finish and provides even coverage, so you might even find that you don't even need to wear foundation when you have this on. Major bonus: Unsun's Mineral Tint Face Sunscreen contains iron oxides, which have been shown to protect against high-energy visible light that can cause hyperpigmentation, especially when combined with zinc (like in this sunscreen option), per a study in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. Price at time of publication: $26 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 30Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 6.5%, titanium dioxide 5.5%Size: 1.7 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best Fragrance-Free Native Unscented Zinc Face Sunscreen SPF 30 Native View On Target View On Walmart View On Nativecos.com Why We Like It It's suitable for sensitive skin and is made with clean ingredients without any chemical additives. It's Worth Noting It's not water-resistant, so you'll want to choose a different product if you're going to the beach or if you sweat a lot. Fragrance-free sunscreens are great for folks with sensitive skin because even some naturally derived fragrances can cause irritation in certain people. This sunscreen from Native comes in an unscented version that's also clean and formulated with simple ingredients that are all laid out and defined on the brand's website (and we love transparency). It's fragrance-free, so you can rest assured that you won't smell like coconuts, and your sunscreen won't clash with your favorite summer perfume. Wearers love that this lotion rubs in easily and doesn't leave a white cast. It's made with vitamin E and avocado oil, which naturally moisturize the skin. Another bonus: All Native Sunscreens are compliant with the Hawaii Act 104, which protects Hawaii’s coral reefs. Price at time of publication: $20 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 30Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 20%Size: 1.7 fluid ouncesWater resistance: None Best Under Makeup Honest Beauty Self-Defense Mineral Sunscreen Fluid, SPF 34 Amazon View On Amazon View On Target View On Honest.com Why We Like It The formula is lightweight and non-greasy, so it works well under foundation. It's Worth Noting It's not water-resistant, so you'll have to reapply it more often if you sweat a lot. If you wear face makeup, you may want your sunscreen to double as a primer. This pick from Jessica Alba's brand, Honest, is perfect for wearing under your favorite foundation. Its lightweight, thin formula blends evenly and doesn't feel sticky or greasy to the touch. Just be sure to rub it in completely to avoid a slight white cast. It's also a great option for sensitive skin, as this pick was awarded the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance. You won't find any PEGs, BHT, mineral oil, fragrances, chemical sunscreens, or silicones in this formula. But keep in mind that you’ll need to reapply after sweating or swimming since the sunscreen isn’t water-resistant. Price at time of publication: $28 Product Details: Type: LiquidSPF: 34Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide 2%, zinc oxide 15.8%Size: 1 fluid ounceWater resistance: None Best Stick MDSolarSciences Tinted Solar Stick SPF 40 4.5 Amazon View On Amazon View On Walgreens View On Dermstore Why We Like It It dries matte and is easy to apply and travel with. It's Worth Noting The stick is pretty small. MD Solar Sciences Solar Stick SPF 40 is a lightweight and easy-to-apply sheer tinted mineral stick, says Caroline Robinson, MD, a board-certified dermatologist. It dries matte, making it a great choice for oilier skin types. Stick formulas like this one from MD Solar Sciences are usually a great option for folks with oily skin because they boast a drier texture than traditional lotion or cream sunscreens. Plus, Dr. Robinson loves that the stick application makes it easy to reapply as needed. The iron oxides in this formula provide added visible light protection, so it may be helpful for those prone to dark spots, Dr. Robinson says. If you want a bit more coverage without a white cast, opt for the tinted version of this sunscreen stick. Price at time of publication: $21 Product Details: Type: StickSPF: 40 Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide 8.1%, zinc oxide 6%Size: 0.6 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best for Travel Sun Bum Mineral SPF 50 Sunscreen Face Stick Amazon View On Amazon View On Ulta Why We Like It It's easy to apply, doesn't get your hands dirty, and is TSA-friendly. It's Worth Noting It leaves a bit of a white cast. Sunbum's Mineral SPF 50 Sunscreen Face Stick is super easy to travel with. Just stash the TSA-friendly stick in your carry-on, purse, or fanny pack for easy application wherever life takes you. The glide-on formula won't get your hands dirty and can be easily applied to your face (including under your eyes), ears, lips, and body. Plus, you won't have to worry about washing your hands before or after applying sunscreen with this finger-free formula. The zinc-only stick is fragrance-free, hypoallergenic, and contains plant oils including coconut and avocado oils to moisturize dry summer skin. It's water-resistant for up to 80 minutes, so it'll last through dips in the ocean, days by the pool, sweaty city strolls, and so much more. As with all sunscreens, make sure to apply this 15 minutes before sun exposure and reapply every two hours if you're outdoors. Price at time of publication: $11 Product Details: Type: Stick SPF: 50Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 19.2%Size: 0.53 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes Best for Kids Aveeno Baby Continuous Protection Zinc Oxide Mineral Sunscreen Amazon View On Amazon View On Target View On CVS Why We Like It It boasts the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance and is made with skin-soothing ingredients. It's Worth Noting The formula is thick, so it may take a bit of effort to rub in. Zinc sunscreen is a great option for babies and kids who have weak skin barriers, since it can be used safely on children as young as six months, says Rachel Nazarian, MD, a New York-based dermatologist and fellow of the American Academy of Dermatology. Aveeno's Baby Continuous Protection Zinc Sunscreen bears the National Eczema Association Seal of Acceptance and is made with skin-soothing oat, so you can rest assured it's suitable for delicate baby skin. It's also water-resistant, so it will stay put in the pool or ocean for up to 80 minutes. The formula is thick and a bit hard to rub in, but that might work in your kid's favor. The white cast acts as a guideline to help you identify where you've already applied the sunscreen, so you won't miss any spots on your baby's face and body. Price at time of publication: $12 Product Details: Type: CreamSPF: 50Active Ingredients: Zinc oxide 21.6% Size: 3 fluid ouncesWater resistance: 80 minutes How We Selected To find the best zinc sunscreens, we asked dermatologists for their top picks and what to look for in a quality mineral sunscreen. We also asked the experts for their top sunscreen picks for specific conditions, including sensitive skin, melasma, and more. The experts we spoke to include: Aanand Geria, MD, FAAD, a board-certified dermatologist in New Jersey and fellow of the American Academy of Dermatology Joshua Zeichner, MD, the director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City Alicia Zalka, MD, a board-certified dermatologist and an associate clinical professor of dermatology at Yale University School of Medicine Caroline Robinson, MD, FAAD, a board-certified dermatologist and founder of Tone Dermatology in Chicago Rachel Nazarian, MD, FAAD, a New York-based board-certified dermatologist and fellow of the American Academy of Dermatology We selected these sunscreens based on expert recommendations, keeping in mind a wide range of skin types and budgets. We chose products that offer at least SPF 30 and broad-spectrum protection, and favored options that are water-resistant. What to Know About Zinc Oxide Sunscreens for Your Face How to Apply Zinc Sunscreen Correctly When applying a zinc-based sunscreen, the key is to make sure you’re using enough to get the label protection on the bottle, Dr. Zeichner says. So what's considered enough? Apply a quarter size for the full face and a shot glass amount (or about 1 ounce) for the rest of your sun-exposed body, Dr. Zeichner recommends. Another trick is to draw a line of sunscreen with the length of the inside of your index and middle fingers, which should be enough to effectively protect your face. Dr. Zeichner recommends applying sunscreen from the center of your face and rubbing it towards the border. Make sure you also cover the skin around the hairline so that you don't miss any areas around the periphery of your face. SPF SPF (which stands for sun protection factor) is a measure of how much UV radiation is required to produce sunburn on sunscreen-protected skin compared to the amount of UV radiation required to cause a sunburn on unprotected skin, per the FDA. The minimum SPF number recommended by the American Academy of Dermatology is 30. However, if you have fair skin or a family history of skin cancer, you may want to choose a higher SPF level, Dr. Geria says. Percentage of Zinc Oxide There’s no hard-and-fast rule on the percentage of ingredients to look for in a sunscreen, including zinc oxide. While the FDA has specific requirements, different sunscreens have varying concentrations of mineral blockers depending on the technologies used to formulate the product, Dr. Zeichner says. In some cases, two products with different concentrations of zinc oxide can provide the same level of SPF protection, he adds. Water Resistance If you plan on being in the water or you naturally sweat a lot, look for water-resistant sunscreen that can withstand moisture for at least 40 minutes, Dr. Geria recommends. For even better protection, look for a sunblock that is water-resistant for up to 80 minutes. However, note that no sunscreen is 100% waterproof (in fact, sunscreens are banned from using that term on their label). You'll still have to reapply zinc oxide sunscreens after swimming or sweating, as well as every two hours when you're outdoors. Your Questions, Answered Is zinc oxide the best sunscreen? Mineral sunscreens contain zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, which form a skin barrier that reflects UV rays, Dr. Geria says. Meanwhile, chemical sunscreens absorb into the skin while converting UV rays into heat and releasing them from the body, per Piedmont. Mineral sunscreens are less likely to cause skin irritation or allergic reactions, making them the best option for those with sensitive skin, Dr. Geria says. Whether you opt for a mineral or chemical sunscreen, make sure it contains broad spectrum protection (which means it protects against both UVA and UVB rays from the sun), a minimum of SPF 30, and water resistance for at least 40 minutes (especially if you sweat a lot or will be in the water). Is it safe to wear zinc oxide sunscreen every day? Yes, zinc and mineral sunscreens are safe to wear daily. Mineral sunscreens tend to be less irritating than chemical sunscreens, so they are advantageous for people who have very sensitive skin, Dr. Zeichner says. Mineral sunscreens are also recommended for young children because their skin is more prone to irritation. Sunscreens are considered over-the-counter drugs and are subject to FDA regulations. Both zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are recognized as safe and effective by the FDA, Dr. Zeichner says. Also worth noting: Although titanium dioxide was banned in Europe as a food additive, that does not affect its use in cosmetic products, Dr. Zeichner tells us. What are the disadvantages of zinc oxide sunscreen? The downside to mineral sunscreens is that many leave behind a white cast on the skin, which is especially problematic for those with darker skin tones, Dr. Zeichner says. However, nowadays there are many tinted zinc oxide sunscreens out there, which reduce the amount of white residue left on your skin while offering the natural sun protection you need. Who We Are April Benshosan is a health journalist and editor who never leaves the house without wearing sunscreen. Many of the options on this list are ones she currently uses and loves. April has interviewed countless doctors and other medical professionals throughout her career, and her work highlights her passion for arming people with the information they need to make informed decisions about their health. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Tell us why! Other Submit 8 Sources Health.com uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Proposes Sunscreen Regulation Changes. American Academy of Dermatology. Sunscreen FAQs. Knott A, Achterberg V, Smuda C, et al. Topical treatment with coenzyme Q10-containing formulas improves skin's Q10 level and provides antioxidative effects. Biofactors. 2015;41(6):383-390. doi:10.1002/biof.1239 Hacker, E. Testing Aerosol Sunscreen Products: Exploring the Impact of Wind on the Application of Sunscreen. 2021. Griffith University. Bernstein EF, Sarkas HW, Boland P. Iron oxides in novel skin care formulations attenuate blue light for enhanced protection against skin damage. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;20(2):532-537. doi:10.1111/jocd.13803 U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Sun protection factor (SPF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Sunscreen: How to Help Protect Your Skin from the Sun. Piedmont. The difference between physical and chemical sunscreen.